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CHAPtER 7 REVIEW MeMory
7. Hippocampus damage typically leaves people unable to 16. Freud proposed that painful or unacceptable memories 201
learn new facts or recall recent events. However, they are blocked from consciousness through a mechanism
may be able to learn new skills, such as riding a bicycle, called .
which is an (explicit/implicit) memory. 17. One reason false memories form is our tendency
8. Long- term potentiation (LTP) refers to to fill in memory gaps with our reasonable guesses
a. emotion- triggered hormonal changes. and assumptions, sometimes based on misleading
information. This tendency is an example of
b. the role of the hippocampus in processing explicit
memories. a. proactive interference.
c. an increase in a cell’s firing potential. b. the misinformation effect.
d. the potential for learning in late adulthood. c. retroactive interference.
9. A psychologist who asks you to write down as many d. the forgetting curve.
objects as you can remember having seen a few 18. Eliza’s family loves to tell the story of how she “stole
minutes earlier is testing your . the show” as a 2-year- old, dancing at her aunt’s
10. Specific odors, visual images, emotions, or other wedding reception. Even though she was so young,
associations that help us access a memory are Eliza says she can recall the event clearly. How might
examples of . Eliza have formed this memory?
11. When you feel sad, why might it help to look at pictures 19. We may recognize a face at a social gathering but be
that reawaken some of your best memories? unable to remember how we know that person. This is
an example of .
12. When tested immediately after viewing a list of words,
people tend to recall the first and last items more 20. When a situation triggers the feeling that “I’ve been
readily than those in the middle. When retested after a here before,” you are experiencing
delay, they are most likely to recall .
a. the first items on the list. 21. Children can be accurate eyewitnesses if
b. the first and last items on the list. a. interviewers give the children hints about what really
happened.
c. a few items at random.
b. a neutral person asks nonleading questions soon
d. the last items on the list. after the event.
13. When forgetting is due to encoding failure, information c. the children have a chance to talk with involved
has not been transferred from adults before the interview.
a. the environment into sensory memory. d. interviewers use precise technical and medical
b. sensory memory into long- term memory. terms.
c. long- term memory into short- term memory. 22. Memory researchers involved in the study of memories
of abuse tend to disagree with some therapists about
d. short- term memory into long- term memory.
which of the following statements?
14. Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve shows that after an initial a. Memories of events that happened before age 4 are
decline, memory for novel information tends to
not reliable.
a. increase slightly. c. decrease greatly.
b. We tend to repress extremely upsetting memories.
b. decrease noticeably. d. level off.
c. Memories can be emotionally upsetting.
15. You will experience less (proactive/ d. Sexual abuse happens.
retroactive) interference if you learn new material in
the hour before sleep than you will if you learn it before
turning to another subject.

Continue testing yourself in to learn and remember most effectively.

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