Page 56 - Demo

186 PILLAR 2 Development and LearningSocial Development in Adolescence11-4 What behaviors support Erikson%u2019s idea that developing a sense of identity is the primary challenge of adolescence?To be human is to be social. Even the shyest among us experiences some social interaction as a part of normal development. Social interaction lies at the heart of all communication, from daily negotiations between siblings to the gestures exchanged by drivers squabbling over who has the right of way at an intersection. Your friendships and romances, decisions about conformity and nonconformity, and concerns about popularity all relate to social development.individualist societies (like most of us in the United States). But collectivist cultures (like most people from South Korea and Japan) place a higher value on shared, group goals.32 Follow-up studies support the idea of a progression from preconventional to conventional thought in childhood but do not support the postconventional stage.33The evidence also indicates that the explanation of the postconventional stage is largely a product of the White male population Kohlberg sampled.34,35 Similarly, North American women, who tend to be more communal than their male counterparts, also show less of Kohlberg%u2019s postconventional reasoning. Does this make women less moral than men? Absolutely not, but it does show a problem with Kohlberg%u2019s theory.Kohlberg emphasized moral reasoning, but Jonathan Haidt believes that feelings are more important than reasons.36%u201338 Haidt argues that we make up our minds in moral situations based on intuition%u2014what our gut tells us%u2014and then use reasoning to defend our gut reactions. Whether our moral choices are based more on reasoning or more on our head or our gut, they are important choices in our lives. Ten years from now, how do you think you will feel about the moral choices you are making now as a teenager?MAKE IT STICK!1. Which of the following best describes the stage that Jean Piaget stated most young people enter during adolescence?a. Reasoning that involves thinking about the effects our moral actions have on othersb. The ability to think logically and form theories about abstract questionsc. A search for both identity and intimacy through explorationd. The risk-taking stage because of crucial sexuality decisions2. According to Lawrence Kohlberg, most adolescents would think it%u2019s wrong to drive through a red light becausea. you might get caught and have to go to traffic court.b. we need to respect the rights of other drivers.c. we imagine what it%u2019s like to be in a car hit by the car that runs the red light.d. it%u2019s against the law and the rules of the road.3. One criticism of Kohlberg%u2019s theory is that it tends to favor answers to moral dilemmas typically given by ____________ over answers typically given by ____________.a. women; menb. men; womenc. people from Japan; people from the United Statesd. toddlers; older children%u00a9 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. For review purposes only. Do not distribute.