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230 PERIOD 2 • The Early Modern World, 1450–1750

C C C Constantinople

P P P P P
OT T TOM AN EMPIRE
O O O O O
E E E E E E E E
SAFAVID
EMPIRE
MUGHAL
L
EMPIRE
SONGHAY
EMPIRE Timbuktu

k k k k k k
Melaka
IND I AN OC EA N

0 500 1,000 miles
Islamic world in 1500
0 500 1,000 kilometers
Map 4.4 Empires of the Islamic World
strayerap5e_04_m04_40930
The most prominent political features of the vast Islamic world in the fifteenth and sixteenth
Empires in the Islamic World
centuries were four large states: the Songhay, Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires.
First proof
37p3 x 27p3 since at least 900 now crystallized into four major states or empires (see Map 4.4).
In the process, the Middle Eastern heartland of the Islamic world was transformed,
as were several regions on the frontier of that civilization.

In the Islamic Heartland: The Ottoman
and Persian Safavid Empires

®
AP The most significant of these new imperial states was the Ottoman Empire, the cre-
CONTEXTUALIZATION ation of Turkic warrior groups, whose aggressive raiding of agricultural civilizations
How might you describe was sometimes legitimized in Islamic terms as jihad, religiously sanctioned warfare
the significance of the against infidels. Beginning around 1300 from a base area in northwestern Anatolia, these
Ottoman Empire during Ottoman Turks over the next three centuries swept over much of southeastern Europe,
the early modern era?
the Middle East, and North Africa to create the Islamic world’s most significant empire
Uncorrected proofs have been used in this sample.
Copyright © Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.
Distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. For review purposes only. Not for redistribution.

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