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UNIT
1 Review

KEY TERMS AND CONTRIBUTORS TO REMEMBER

nature–nurture issue, p. 4 glial cells (glia), p. 29 CT (computed tomography) scan,
Charles Darwin, p. 5 action potential, p. 29 p. 59
natural selection, p. 5 threshold, p. 30 PET (positron emission tomography),
p. 59
evolutionary psychology, p. 5 refractory period, p. 30
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging),
behavior genetics, p. 5 all-or-none response, p. 30 p. 59
mutation, p. 7 synapse [SIN-aps], p. 31 fMRI (functional MRI), p. 59
environment, p. 9 neurotransmitters, p. 31 hindbrain, p. 63
heredity, p. 9 reuptake, p. 32 midbrain, p. 63
genes, p. 9 endorphins [en-DOR-fins], p. 34 forebrain, p. 65
genome, p. 9 agonist, p. 34 brainstem, p. 65
identical (monozygotic) twins, p. 11 antagonist, p. 34 medulla [muh-DUL-uh], p. 65
fraternal (dizygotic) twins, p. 12 endocrine [EN-duh-krin] system, thalamus [THAL-uh-muss], p. 65
p. 35
interaction, p. 15 Copyright © Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.
reticular formation, p. 65
hormones, p. 36
epigenetics, p. 16 Distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Not for redistribution.
cerebellum [sehr-uh-BELL-um], p. 65
nervous system, p. 22 psychoactive drug, p. 40 limbic system, p. 66
central nervous system (CNS), p. 22 substance use disorder, p. 40 amygdala [uh-MIG-duh-la], p. 66
peripheral nervous system (PNS), p. 22 depressants, p. 41 hypothalamus [hi-po-THAL-uh-muss],
nerves, p. 22 tolerance, p. 43 p. 67
sensory (afferent) neurons, p. 22 addiction, p. 43 hippocampus, p. 69
motor (efferent) neurons, p. 22 withdrawal, p. 43 cerebral [seh-REE-bruhl] cortex, p. 70
interneurons, p. 22 barbiturates, p. 44 frontal lobes, p. 71
somatic nervous system, p. 23 opioids, p. 44 parietal [puh-RYE-uh-tuhl] lobes,
autonomic [aw-tuh-NAHM-ik] stimulants, p. 45 p. 71
nervous system (ANS), p. 23 hallucinogens, p. 50 occipital [ahk-SIP-uh-tuhl] lobes,
sympathetic nervous system, p. 23 near-death experience, p. 50 p. 71
parasympathetic nervous system, biological psychology, p. 55 temporal lobes, p. 71
p. 23 biopsychosocial approach, p. 56 motor cortex, p. 72
reflex, p. 25 levels of analysis, p. 56 somatosensory cortex, p. 74
neuron, p. 28 neuroplasticity, p. 57 association areas, p. 75
cell body, p. 28 lesion [LEE-zhuhn], p. 58 neurogenesis, p. 81
dendrites, p. 28 EEG (electroencephalogram), p. 58 corpus callosum, p. 81
axon, p. 29 MEG (magnetoencephalography), Roger Sperry, p. 82
myelin [MY-uh-lin] sheath, p. 29 p. 58 Michael Gazzaniga, p. 82

158 Unit 1 Biological Bases of Behavior

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