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118 Unit 2 Population and Migration%u00a0Patterns and%u00a0ProcessesYOUR TURN Population density may be measured in three different ways, which result in arithmetic, physiological, and agricultural density. (parts a%u2013g are worth 1 point each) a. Define arithmetic density. b. Define physiological density. c. Identify one feature of a country with a high arithmetic density. d. Identify one reason a country may have a low arithmetic density but a high physiological density. e. Explain why physiological density may more accurately reflect true population density than arithmetic density. f. Describe one socioeconomic condition that would create a low agricultural density in a country. g. Explain how population density may affect the impact of diseases and natural disasters. Learning about a country or region%u2019s population size and distribution is often the first step in understanding its population patterns and processes. Geographers are also interested in population composition , or the makeup of the population by age, sex, ethnicity, race, income, education, and other characteristics. The age and sex structure of a country%u2019s population affects its rates of birth, death, and migration, which help geographers forecast future population levels. In this Module, we focus on population composition by age and sex and discuss three key concepts %u2014 age structure, social generations, and sex ratio %u2014 as well as the important visual tool of population pyramids. Knowledge about these topics helps us understand important elements of society, including labor supply, social tension, demand for goods and services, and the need for public policy (laws and government programs). LEARNING GOALS 8-1 Describe the age structure of a population. 8-2 Identify major social generations in the United States. 8-3 Define the sex ratio of a population. 8-4 Explain the uses of population pyramids. TERMS TO KNOW population composition: The makeup of a population by age and sex as well as by ethnic, racial, income, and educational background 8 Population Composition MODULE 2%u00a9 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. For review purposes only. Do not distribute.