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80 PERIOD 2 Colonial America amid Global Change: 1607–1754

South Carolina:
Origins and Daily Life
These sample pages are distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.

By the mid-eighteenth century, chances for economic autonomy among southern colonists
were increasingly influenced by the spread of slavery. As hundreds and then thousands of
Africans were imported into South Carolina in the 1720s and 1730s, economic and polit-
Copyright (c) 2024 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.
ical power became more entrenched in the hands of planters and merchants. Increasingly,
they controlled the markets, wrote the laws, and set the terms by which white as well as
Strictly for use with its products. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION.
Black families lived. Farms along inland waterways and on the frontier were crucial in pro-
viding food and other items for urban residents and for planters with large labor forces. But
farm families depended on commercial and planter elites to market their goods and help
defend their communities against hostile American Indians or Spaniards.
During this time, more than two-thirds of white families in South Carolina owned no
enslaved labor and farmed their own lands. As in the Chesapeake and North Carolina colo-
nies, artisans in South Carolina depended on wealthy planters, who controlled markets, gov-
ernment, and the courts, for their livelihood. Artisans worked either for plantation owners
directly or for the shipping companies and merchants that relied on plantation orders.
In 1745, some forty thousand Scots who had rebelled against the English in sup-
port of Stuart claims to the throne were shipped to the Carolinas after their rebellion

MAP 2.4 West
Indies and Carolina
in the Seventeenth
Century Beginning in the FALL LINE MD. DEL. 60°W
1630s, sugar cultivation VIRGINIA James R. English possessions
transformed colonies TUSCARORA Roanoke R. Roanoke I. French possessions
in the West Indies. The CHEROKEE CATAWBA Cape Fear R. ATLANTIC Spanish possessions
British consumed sugar Pee Dee R. Cape Fear OCEAN Carolina Grant, 1665
in large quantities, R. Savannah R. Cooper R.
ensuring the economic Flint R. YAMASEE Charles 30°N
Towne
Ashley R.
success of Barbados Chattahoochee CREEK Port Royal I.
and its neighbors and St. Augustine 2,000 miles 0 250 500 miles
a vast increase in the Apalachicola 0 250 500 kilometers
R.
enslaved population. Gulf of SPANISH N
In the 1660s, Barbados Mexico
TIMUCUA FLORIDA
planters obtained a B a h a m a s (Br.) W E
charter for Carolina S
and sent many early
settlers — white planters Cuba
(Sp.)
and merchants as well as VIRGIN IS. 20°N
(Den.)
enslaved laborers — to Hispaniola Puerto St. Kitts Nevis
Rico
(Br.)
this mainland colony. (Sp.) (Sp.) (Br.)
Saint
Given where Jamaica Domingue Montserrat (Br.) Antigua (Br.)
Guadeloupe (Fr.)
(Br.)
Barbados is located, (Fr.) WEST INDIES Dominica (Br.)
what potential Martinique (Fr.)
commercial rivalries Caribbean Sea Curaçao St. Lucia (Br.)
NEW
could it cause between SPAIN (Neth.) St. Vincent (Br.) Barbados
(Br.))
( (Br.
Gren
Grenada (Br.))
European powers G Gren a ada ( Br.
To
T T Tobago
Tobago (Br.)(Br.)
during the seventeenth T Trrinidad (Sp.) ) 10°N
n
T
10°N
Trinidad (Sp.))(p
century?
DA
DA
NEW GRANADA
DA
A
A
A
80°W 70°W
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