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AP Practice Multiple Choice Questions

1. For a neuron to generate an action potential, which of the 6. In this image of a neuron, which letter corresponds with
following must be true? the neuron’s axon?
a. The neuron must be in the refractory period.
b. Glial cells must release neurotransmitters into the A D
axon.
c. Excitatory impulses must outnumber inhibitory
impulses.
d. Dopamine and serotonin must be present in equal C
Distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Not for redistribution.
amounts.
2. Dr. Hansel studies the speed of neurotransmitters cross-
ing the space between neurons. Which of the following B
does Dr. Hansel study?
a. Synaptic gap a. A
b. Axon b. B
c. Myelin sheath c. C
d. Dendrites d. D
3. Dr. Gretel asked her students to identify what happens 7. Imagine you are the teacher of an AP Psychology
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after neurotransmitters are released and trigger an course, and one of your students declares, “Hormones
action potential in a neighboring neuron. Which student are the same thing as neurotransmitters.” Which state-
response is accurate? ment best modifies this student’s claim to make it more
a. The synaptic cleft closes temporarily to terminate the accurate?
action potential. Copyright © Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.
a. “While neurotransmitters and hormones are both
b. The myelin sheath absorbs the excess electrical messages within the nervous system,
neurotransmitters. neurotransmitters travel much more slowly than
c. The receiving neuron absorbs the neurotransmitter to hormones do, and their effects last longer.”
send to the next neuron. b. “While neurotransmitters and hormones are
d. The sending neuron reabsorbs the neurotransmitter both chemical messages within the nervous
for reuse. system, hormones travel much more slowly than

4. Hollinger was recently diagnosed with major depressive neurotransmitters do, and their effects last longer.”
disorder. Which neurotransmitters are most likely in c. “While neurotransmitters and hormones are both
undersupply in Hollinger’s brain? electrical messages within the nervous system,
neurotransmitters travel much more quickly than
a. Oxytocin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) hormones do, and their effects last longer.”
b. Acetylcholine (ACh) and histamine d. “While neurotransmitters and hormones are
c. Dopamine and acetylcholine (ACh) both chemical messages within the nervous
d. Serotonin and norepinephrine
system, hormones travel much more quickly than
5. Dr. Shill conducted a study in which she administered neurotransmitters do, and their effects last longer.”
morphine, which mimics the action of naturally occur-
ring endorphins, to volunteers in hopes of determining
whether morphine boosts mood. In this instance, the
independent variable is a(n)
a. antagonist.
b. synapse.
c. ion.
d. agonist.

38 Unit 1 Biological Bases of Behavior

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