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194adolescence, p. 180puberty, p. 181primary sex characteristics, p. 182secondary sex characteristics, p. 182sexual orientation, p. 182identity, p. 188intimacy, p. 190Jean Piaget (1896%u20131980), p. 183Lawrence Kohlberg (1927%u20131987), p. 184Erik Erikson (1902%u20131994), p. 187KEY TERMS AND KEY PEOPLESummative Assessment1. Adolescence ends when a persona. turns 21 and achieves legal adult status.b. turns 20 and leaves the teen years behind.c. is fully independent.d. has a child.2. In the United States, adolescencea. is getting longer.b. is getting shorter.c. lasts about as long as it did a century ago.d. is impossible to measure.3. A physical change in adolescence isa. the development of identity.b. the onset of puberty.c. an increase in moral reasoning.d. formal operational thinking.4. By the time the changes of puberty are complete, the braina. is fully developed.b. continues to generate many more connections in the brain.c. begins to slowly shrink in size.d. continues to develop for almost 10 additional years.5. Erik Erikson is noted for describing ____________ changes in adolescence.a. physicalb. moralc. sociald. cognitive6. A collectivist culture would be most likely toa. try to provide each child with their own bedroom.b. allow children to try to solve their own problems independently.c. consider the toys in the family to be owned by all the children together.d. emphasize individual goals over the goals of a group.7. Erik Erikson argued that the search for identity was most likely to be characterized bya. optimism and energy.b. postconventional reasoning.c. formal operational thinking.d. decisions based on feeling rather than reasoning.8. Erik Erikson believed that intimate relationships area. always sexual.b. always with one%u2019s spouse.c. likely to interfere with other important life goals.d. always close, open, and loving.9. As you move from childhood to adolescence, it is common fora. family relationships to become less important than peer relationships.b. peer relationships to become less important than family relationships.c. both family and peer relationships to increase in importance.d. both family and peer relationships to decrease in importance.10. During normal adolescent development, which is most likely to stay stable?a. Food preferencesb. Friendshipsc. Temperamentd. The ability to reason%u00a9 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. For review purposes only. Do not distribute.