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5. Based on Dr. Liza’s study, a journalist writes a magazine 6. Dr. Hedge replicated past EEG research by showing that
article claiming that everyone should avoid scrolling alpha waves were present
through friends’ photos on social media prior to bedtime, a. when people are in REM sleep.
because it will then take them longer to fall asleep. Which b. when people are in Stage 2 sleep.
of the following describes the journalist’s error? c. when people are in Stage 3 sleep.
a. The journalist cannot generalize these research d. when people are awake.
findings to the general population, because Dr. Liza
did not use random assignment.
b. The journalist cannot generalize these research
findings to the general population, because Dr. Liza
Distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Not for redistribution.
did not use random selection.
c. The journalist cannot infer causality from Dr. Liza’s
study, as it was a nonexperimental design.
d. Providing general advice based on the results of one
study is unethical. Copyright © Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.

102 Unit 1 Biological Bases of Behavior

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