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xl Fabric of a Nation: What’s Inside This Second Edition

Period Review Sections Connect the
Threads of History
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Following the final module in each period, these short sections list the key concepts, events,
and people of the era. Key concepts are defined in the glossary. A handy timeline helps
organize the chronology of important events and historical turning points all in one place.
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Period 2 Review 137
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Period 2 Review 1607–1754
CHRONOLOGY (continued)
KEY CONCEPTS AND EVENTS 1619 House of Burgesses created in Virginia
First enslaved Africans brought to Virginia colony
Act of Religious Toleration, 72 House of Burgesses, 70 Pilgrims, 84 1620 Mayflower Compact establishes Plymouth Colony
Anglo-Powhatan Wars, 107 Huguenot, 57 planters, 72
Bacon’s Rebellion, 75 imperialism, 78 Powhatan Confederacy, 66 1620s British West Indies established
Calvinism, 58 impressment, 127 Privy Council, 71 1620s–1630s Anglo-Powhatan and Pequot wars lead to expansion of English settlements
cash crop, 69 indentured servitude, 66 Protestant Reformation, 83
Church of England, 71 inflation, 65 Pueblo Revolt, 61 1623 Massachusetts Bay Company established
colonization, 58 joint-stock company, 66 Puritan Migration, 86 c. 1630 Virginia colony becomes commercially successful
consumer revolution, 102 King George’s War, 110 Puritans, 84
Covenant Chain, 89 King William’s War, 91 Queen Anne’s War, 109 1630s Puritan colonies spread quickly on American Indian lands
Dominion of New England, 90 Leisler’s Rebellion, 94 redemptioner, 97 1635 Dissenters establish Providence, Rhode Island
English Civil War, 72 libel, 128 seditious, 128
Enlightenment, 122 Mayflower Compact, 84 slave code, 73 1637 Massacre of Pequots by Puritan colonists
First Great Awakening, 124 Metacom’s War, 89 Stono Rebellion, 118 1642–1651 English Civil War leads to population surge in the colonies
gang labor, 117 Middle Passage, 114 subsistence farmer, 81 1647–1692 Salem witch paranoia
General Assembly of Virginia, 70 mercantilism, 100 Treaty of Utrecht, 110
Glorious Revolution, 90 Navigation Acts, 101 Tuscarora War, 108 1651 Parliament passes first Navigation Acts
Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) New Light clergy, 124 veto, 70 1660 Royal African Company formed
Confederacy, 60 Old Light clergy, 124 Walking Purchase, 97
headright system, 69 Pequot War, 88 Yamasee War, 108 Barbados reaches majority Black population
1660s Slave laws passed by Virginia House of Burgesses
KEY PEOPLE 1660s–1670s Economic inequality in the colonies rises, frustrating a growing common class
Nathaniel Bacon, 74 Benjamin Franklin, 96 Pocahontas, 67 1672 Royal African Company brings enslaved Africans to North America
Sir William Berkeley, 74 Andrew Hamilton, 128 Popé, 61 1675 Bacon’s Rebellion
Cecilius Calvert, 72 King Henry IV (France), 56 Chief Powhatan, 66 1675–1678 Metacom’s War (also known as King Philip’s War)
John Calvin, 58 King Henry VIII (England), 83 John Rolfe, 69
René-Robert Cavelier, 58 Anne Hutchinson, 87 John Smith, 66 1680 Pueblo Revolt
Samuel de Champlain, 56 King James I, 66 John Wesley, 124
King Charles I, 72 John Locke, 90 George Whitefield, 124 c. 1680 British economy surges due to mercantilism
King Charles II, 75 Mary II, 90 William of Orange, 90 1682 French claim all land drained by Mississippi River tributaries and name the colony
William Cosby, 128 Chief Massasoit, 84 Roger Williams, 87 Louisiana
Oliver Cromwell, 72 Baron de Montesquieu, 123 John Winthrop, 85 William Penn establishes Quaker haven in Philadelphia
James Davenport, 126 Chief Opechancanough, 70 Voltaire, 122 1688 Leisler’s Rebellion
Jonathan Edwards, 124 William Penn, 95 John Peter Zenger, 128
1689–1697 King William’s War
CHRONOLOGY 1689–1713 Europe in constant state of war, conflict spilling into colonies
c. 1700–1808 Over 4 million enslaved Africans cross the Middle Passage
1580s French establish fur trade with American Indians
c. 1700 Charleston becomes leading importer of enslaved Africans
1607 The English found Jamestown colony
c. 1700s Disparity in land ownership leads to wealth inequality
1608 Samuel de Champlain founds the city of Québec, the first permanent French settlement in Popular publications spread Enlightenment ideas throughout British colonies
North America
c. 1700–1750 Colonial population rise leads to conflict with American Indians
1609 Dutch establish fur-trading outpost on the Hudson River
c. 1700–1760s Rice and indigo become cash crops
By 1612 Tobacco becomes main cash crop in Virginia
1720s–1730s Planters and merchants make economic and political gains
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SECTION I Multiple-Choice Questions
Period 2 Questions 1–3 refer to the image. e.
Questions 1–3 r
er t
o the imag
ef
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AP Exam Practice
Multiple-Choice Questions
Questions 1–3 refer to the excerpt.
“The free fruition of such liberties immunities and privileges as humanity, civility,
and Christianity call for as due to every man in his place and proportion without . . .
infringement hath ever been and ever will be the tranquility and stability of Churches
and Commonwealths. . . .
7. No man shall be compelled to go out of the limits of this plantation upon any
offensive wars. . . . But only upon such vindictive and defensive wars in our own behalf . . .
50. All jurors shall be chosen continually by the freemen of the town where they dwell.
88. Servants that have served diligently and faithfully to the benefit of their masters
seven years, shall not be sent away empty.
89. If any people of other Nations professing the true Christian Religion shall flee to Christophel Fine Art/Getty Images
us from the tyranny or oppression of their persecutors, or from famine, wars . . . They
shall be entertained and succored amongst us, according to that power and prudence,
God shall give us.
91. There shall never be any bond slavery . . . amongst us unless it be lawful captives Theodor de Bry , “Columbus Landing on Hispaniola, ” 1 594
Theodor de Bry, “Columbus Landing on Hispaniola,” 1594
taken in just wars, and such strangers as willingly sell themselves or are sold to us.”
The Massachusetts Body of Liberties, 1641 1. The image most directly supports which of the following beliefs held by European
powers in the sixteenth century?
1. Which of the following most directly contributed to the ideas in the excerpt? (A) The desire to spread Christianity to Native Americans
(A) English colonization attracted large groups of men. (B) The European belief in private land ownership
(B) New England colonists lived apart from Native Americans. (C) The divine right of kings to rule with absolute power
(C) All British North American colonies participated in the Atlantic slave trade. (D) The racial and cultural superiority of Europeans
(D) Communities in New England developed around small towns.
2. The image was created with the purpose of
2. The excerpt is most clearly an example of which of the following developments in (A) highlighting the cultural differences between Natives and Europeans.
New England during the early seventeenth century? (B) illustrating the commonalities held by Natives and Europeans.
(A) The creation of self-governing political institutions (C) facilitating the financing of joint-stock companies.
(B) A decline in trade networks throughout the Atlantic world (D) showing the futility of military resistance to European armies.
(C) An increase in the number of villages dependent on the labor of enslaved
Africans
(D) An increase in the number of towns led by a planter elite
3. The ideas expressed in the excerpt most directly reflect which of the following charac-
teristics of the British North American colonies during the seventeenth century?
01_foan2e_48442_fm_i_xliii.indd 40 (A) European conflicts led to increased Anglicization over time. PE-1 12/09/23 5:03 PM
(B) Regional differences in culture led to the creation of different economic and
political systems.
(C) Competition over natural resources led to fewer conflicts with Native
Americans.
(D) Wars with European rivals created a sense of colonial unity.
Questions 4–6 refer to the excerpt.
“The concept of discovery functioned as the expression of an ideology by which
Europeans divided the world between civilized and savage peoples. Civilized peoples
lived within sovereign societies of their own making. Savage peoples lived as part of
139