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Fabric of a Nation: What’s Inside This Second Edition xxxvii

AP ® Skills Workshops: Thinking Historically
These sample pages are distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.
These Thinking Features Thread Reading and
Writing Instruction into Every Module

®
The AP Skills Workshop: Thinking Historically feature leads students in how to inter-
Copyright (c) 2024 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.
pret historical developments and primary and secondary sources, as well as how to write
about those developments and sources. These workshops appear at the end of most mod-
Strictly for use with its products. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION.
ules in Periods 1–6 to help develop the historical thinking skills and reasoning processes
®
that are key to success in the AP U.S. History course. Using the content examined in the
module as examples, these workshops cover topics such as the interpretation of primary
and secondary sources, comparison, and historical developments and processes. They also
build the thinking skills that are the foundation of college-level historical writing.
MODULE 2.2 European Colonization 63
AP ® Skills Workshop: Thinking Historically
Analyzing Developments and Processes in Secondary Sources
Historians call their written interpretations of the past secondary sources. This
textbook, for example, is a secondary source because it includes information about
the past written by historians. However, this textbook also includes primary
sources, which are sources from the past. For example, the material in the Working
with Evidence features includes primary sources.
®
In this U.S. history course, and on the AP Exam, you will sometimes have to
read a historian’s argument and identify and explain a historical development or
processes. By development we mean the rise or growth of a trend or historical
change. By processes we mean the details of how a trend or change came
about. 64 PERIOD 2 Colonial America amid Global Change: 1607–1754
Let’s say you wanted to identify the development of the Spanish colonies,
64
64
described in Period 1. When you describe this development, you might say that these PERIOD 2 Colonial
PERIOD 2 Colonial America amid Global Change: 1607–1754America amid Global Change: 1607–1754
64
colonies began as a few scattered settlements on the islands of the Caribbean, but by PERIOD 2 Colonial America amid Global Change: 1607–1754
colonies began as a few scattered settlements on the islands of the Caribbean, but by
(continued)
the mid-sixteenth century, they had expanded to the mainland and began a system-
the mid-sixteenth century, they had expanded to the mainland and began a system-
atic conquest of the indigenous civilizations there. (continued) (continued) 1609–1613
(continued)
If you were to explain the process of this development, you could explain that 1609–1613 “Québec [the capital of New France] was used for little else than a
1609–1613
If you were to explain the process of this development, you could explain that
1609–1613
warehouse. Champlain reported that sixteen people wintered there in 1609–
the Spanish colonies were at first small settlements on islands, which served as
the Spanish colonies were at first small settlements on islands, which served as “Québec [the capital of New France] was used for little else than a “Québec [the capital of New France] was used for little else than a
1610 and seventeen the following winter. The Habitation [trading outpost]
economic and military centers for settlement and trade. These early settlements “Québec [the capital of New France] was used for little else than a
economic and military centers for settlement and trade. These early settlements warehouse. Champlain reported that sixteen people wintered there in 1609–warehouse. Champlain reported that sixteen people wintered there in 1609–
warehouse. Champlain reported that sixteen people wintered there in 1609–
received only minimal maintenance and fell into disrepair.
allowed the Spanish to launch more ambitious exploration of the Caribbean, the 1610 and seventeen the following winter. The Habitation [trading outpost] 1610 and seventeen the following winter. The Habitation [trading outpost]
allowed the Spanish to launch more ambitious exploration of the Caribbean, the
Yucatán peninsula, and Central and South America. By the mid-sixteenth cen 1610 and seventeen the following winter. The Habitation [trading outpost]
Yucatán peninsula, and Central and South America. By the mid-sixteenth cen--
1614–1620
received only minimal maintenance and fell into disrepair.
tury, the Spanish had destroyed the Aztec empire and had begun to build New received only minimal maintenance and fell into disrepair.received only minimal maintenance and fell into disrepair.
tury, the Spanish had destroyed the Aztec empire and had begun to build New
1614–1620
Spain into a colony for larger settlements and greater exploitation of indigenous The reinstated trade monopoly was now managed by Compagnie du Canada
Spain into a colony for larger settlements and greater exploitation of indigenous 1614–1620
1614–1620
[which was the French company that controlled the fur trade in New France].
people. The reinstated trade monopoly was now managed by Compagnie du Canada The reinstated trade monopoly was now managed by Compagnie du Canada
The reinstated trade monopoly was now managed by Compagnie du Canada
The company bought the Habitation. . . . Once the outpost changed hands, the
A historian might write a paragraph that describes this development and
A historian might write a paragraph that describes this development and [which was the French company that controlled the fur trade in New France]. [which was the French company that controlled the fur trade in New France].
[which was the French company that controlled the fur trade in New France].
number who overwintered in Québec increased sharply; from at least 1617 it
explains the process like this: The company bought the Habitation. . . . Once the outpost changed hands, the . Once the outpost changed hands, the
The company bought the Habitation.
.
.
The company bought the Habitation. . . . Once the outpost changed hands, the
rose to 50 or 60. More significant was the spread of settlement further away
The Spanish colonies began as a few scattered settlements on the number who overwintered in Québec increased sharply; from at least 1617 it number who overwintered in Québec increased sharply; from at least 1617 it
The Spanish colonies began as a few scattered settlements on the
number who overwintered in Québec increased sharply; from at least 1617 it
from the Habitation. . . . At the same time Champlain obliged the company to
islands of the Caribbean in the early sixteenth century. By the mid- rose to 50 or 60. More significant was the spread of settlement further away rose to 50 or 60. More significant was the spread of settlement further away
islands of the Caribbean in the early sixteenth century. By the mid-
rose to 50 or 60. More significant was the spread of settlement further away
erect a fort on the height overlooking the Habitation. . . . It was a modest two-
from the Habitation.
sixteenth century, these colonies expanded to the mainland and began a from the Habitation. . . . At the same time Champlain obliged the company to . At the same time Champlain obliged the company to
sixteenth century, these colonies expanded to the mainland and began a
.
.
from the Habitation. . . . At the same time Champlain obliged the company to
story structure in wood, probably surrounded by a simple wooden palisade.
systematic conquest of the indigenous civilizations there. The first Spanish
systematic conquest of the indigenous civilizations there. The first Spanish erect a fort on the height overlooking the Habitation. . . . It was a modest two-erect a fort on the height overlooking the Habitation. . . . It was a modest two-
erect a fort on the height overlooking the Habitation. . . . It was a modest two-
settlements in the Caribbean served as economic and military centers for story structure in wood, probably surrounded by a simple wooden palisade.story structure in wood, probably surrounded by a simple wooden palisade.
settlements in the Caribbean served as economic and military centers for
1621–1632
settlement and trade. Settled a few decades after Columbus’s arrival, these story structure in wood, probably surrounded by a simple wooden palisade.
settlement and trade. Settled a few decades after Columbus’s arrival, these
1621–1632
settlements allowed the Spanish to launch more ambitious exploration of 1621–1632 This was a period of intense work. The rebuilding of all or part of the Habitation
settlements allowed the Spanish to launch more ambitious exploration of
1621–1632
and Fort Saint-Louis was undertaken . . .; and the Jesuit convent . . . was
the Caribbean, the Yucatán peninsula, and Central and South America. By
the Caribbean, the Yucatán peninsula, and Central and South America. By This was a period of intense work. The rebuilding of all or part of the Habitation This was a period of intense work. The rebuilding of all or part of the Habitation
This was a period of intense work. The rebuilding of all or part of the Habitation
erected on the opposite bank. In 1628, the development of the . . . colony
the mid-sixteenth century, the Spanish had destroyed the Aztec empire
the mid-sixteenth century, the Spanish had destroyed the Aztec empire and Fort Saint-Louis was undertaken . . .; and the Jesuit convent . . . was .; and the Jesuit convent . . . was
.
.
and Fort Saint-Louis was undertaken
and Fort Saint-Louis was undertaken . . .; and the Jesuit convent . . . was
was brought to a halt by war. The English fleet under the command of David
and begun to build New Spain into a colony of larger settlements that
and begun to build New Spain into a colony of larger settlements that erected on the opposite bank. In 1628, the development of the . . . colony erected on the opposite bank. In 1628, the development of the . . . colony
erected on the opposite bank. In 1628, the development of the . . . colony
exploited more indigenous people. The encomienda system of forced labor was brought to a halt by war. The English fleet under the command of David was brought to a halt by war. The English fleet under the command of David
Kirke took control of the river, preventing supplies from reaching Québec. . . .
system of forced labor
was one method of this exploitation. was brought to a halt by war. The English fleet under the command of David
[T]he efforts to protect the colony were in vain. On 20 July 1629 the keys
e
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Kirke took control of the river, preventing supplies from reaching Québec. . . .es from reaching Québec. . . .
t
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v
Kirke took control of the river, preventing supplies from reaching Québec. . . .
to the Habitation and Fort Saint-Louis had to be handed over to [the English].
[T]he efforts to protect the colony were in vain. On 20 July 1629 the keys [T]he efforts to protect the colony were in vain. On 20 July 1629 the keys
[T]he efforts to protect the colony were in vain. On 20 July 1629 the keys
ACTIVITY to the Habitation and Fort Saint-Louis had to be handed over to [the English].to the Habitation and Fort Saint-Louis had to be handed over to [the English].
1632–1635
In 1632, France retook Québec . . . Champlain came back to Québec in 1633
On the next page is an excerpt about the French in North America during the
On the ne xt pa g e is an e x cer pt a bout the F rench in Nor th America during the 1632–1635 to the Habitation and Fort Saint-Louis had to be handed over to [the English].
1632–1635
1632–1635
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Read the excerpt and, in your own words, In 1632, France retook Québec . . . Champlain came back to Québec in 1633 . Champlain came back to Québec in 1633
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Read the excerpt and, in your own words,
and took up residence in Fort Saint-Louis . . . On Champlain’s death on 25
In 1632, France retook Québec
.
.
of these French colonies according to the author. Then,
describe the development of these French colonies according to the author. Then, In 1632, France retook Québec . . . Champlain came back to Québec in 1633
December 1635, Québec had about 300 inhabitants.”
and took up residence in Fort Saint-Louis
.
.
and took up residence in Fort Saint-Louis . . . On Champlain’s death on 25
explain the process by which this development occurred. and took up residence in Fort Saint-Louis . . . On Champlain’s death on 25 . On Champlain’s death on 25
December 1635, Québec had about 300 inhabitants.”December 1635, Québec had about 300 inhabitants.”
Excerpt from Françoise Niellon, “Québec in the Time of Champlain,”
December 1635, Québec had about 300 inhabitants.”
Post-Medieval Archaeology, vol. 43, no. 1, 2009: The Recent Archaeology
cerpt from F
Excerpt from Françoise Niellon, “Québec in the Time of Champlain,” “Québec in the Time of Champlain,”
rançoise Niellon,
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Excerpt from Françoise Niellon, “Québec in the Time of Champlain,”
of the Early Modern Period in Quebex City. Copyright © Society
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Post-Medieval Archaeology, vol. 43, no. 1, 2009: The Recent Archaeology 09: The Recent Archaeology
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Post-Medieval Archaeology, vol. 43, no. 1, 2009: The Recent Archaeology
for Post-Medieval Archaeology 2009, reprinted by permission of
eriod in Quebe
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of the Early Modern Period in Quebex City. Copyright © Society
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