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64 PERIOD 2 Colonial America amid Global Change: 1607–1754

(continued)
1609–1613
These sample pages are distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.
“Québec [the capital of New France] was used for little else than a
warehouse. Champlain reported that sixteen people wintered there in 1609–
1610 and seventeen the following winter. The Habitation [trading outpost]
received only minimal maintenance and fell into disrepair.
Copyright (c) 2024 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.
1614–1620
The reinstated trade monopoly was now managed by Compagnie du Canada
Strictly for use with its products. NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION.
[which was the French company that controlled the fur trade in New France].
The company bought the Habitation. . . . Once the outpost changed hands, the
number who overwintered in Québec increased sharply; from at least 1617 it
rose to 50 or 60. More significant was the spread of settlement further away
from the Habitation. . . . At the same time Champlain obliged the company to
erect a fort on the height overlooking the Habitation. . . . It was a modest two-
story structure in wood, probably surrounded by a simple wooden palisade.
1621–1632
This was a period of intense work. The rebuilding of all or part of the Habitation
and Fort Saint-Louis was undertaken . . .; and the Jesuit convent . . . was
erected on the opposite bank. In 1628, the development of the . . . colony
was brought to a halt by war. The English fleet under the command of David
Kirke took control of the river, preventing supplies from reaching Québec. . . .
[T]he efforts to protect the colony were in vain. On 20 July 1629 the keys
to the Habitation and Fort Saint-Louis had to be handed over to [the English].
1632–1635
In 1632, France retook Québec . . . Champlain came back to Québec in 1633
and took up residence in Fort Saint-Louis . . . On Champlain’s death on 25
December 1635, Québec had about 300 inhabitants.”
Excerpt from Françoise Niellon, “Québec in the Time of Champlain,”
Post-Medieval Archaeology, vol. 43, no. 1, 2009: The Recent Archaeology
of the Early Modern Period in Quebex City. Copyright © Society
for Post-Medieval Archaeology 2009, reprinted by permission of
Taylor & Francis Ltd, https://www.tandfonline.com on behalf of
Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology.

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