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Tenzin Namgyal ■ Why Diversity Is Necessary for Democracy 101

For example, a call to action is often found at the end of a persuasive text.
The call to action may be the writer’s thesis. This organization is considered
inductive. Induction is frequently used when the audience likely doesn’t have the REASONING AND ORGANIZATION
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same position as the writer, or the writer doesn’t know the audience’s perspective
on the topic or subject. To convince his or her audience, the writer will provide
the reasons first, leading to the claim or call to action in the conclusion.
Conversely, when a writer believes the audience shares common beliefs
and may be willing to accept his or her perspective, the writer may begin
with the thesis or call to action. This organization is called deduction. When
using deduction, a writer presents his or her claim and then lays out his or her
reasons.

AP ® SKILLS REASONING AND ORGANIZATION
PRACTICE Establishing a Line of Reasoning

Think about your message or claim from the previous workshop. What reasons
would you use to justify your claim for that audience? How would you organize
your argument? With induction or deduction? Why did you make that choice?

Audience
Claim
Line of Reasoning
Organization and
Rationale

Why Diversity Is
Necessary for Democracy

Tenzin Namgyal

THE TEXT IN CONTEXT
When she wrote this 2019 essay, Tenzin Namgyal was a junior
at Bard High School Early College in Queens, New York. It ulti-
mately appeared on Students 4 Social Change, a website and
network that promotes civic engagement in secondary students.
An avid writer who is passionate about social issues, including
the rights of immigrants and women, Namgyal graduated from Tenzin Namgyal
high school and attends Stanford University.

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