Page 19 - 2023-ml-lewandowski-stats1e

d. Step 4: Determine Sample Results. (1) What e. Step 5: Decide and Interpret: What is the
test does she need to run? (2) What are the appropriate conclusion?
results? (3) Show Steps 2, 3, and 4 of hypothesis
testing on a diagram.

Statistics for Research
Advances in technology have made our lives easier in many
respects (e.g., GPS helps us avoid getting lost; texting makes
it easy to connect with others). Yet, people seem more
stressed out than ever. Recent surveys of stress in the United States
reveal that stress levels are at historic highs, with 2 out of 3 Ameri-
can adults reporting increased stress over the pandemic (APA, 2020).
Symptoms include “snapping” (i.e., becoming easily angered), greater
body tension, mood swings, and lashing out at a loved one. To help
reduce their stress, some people turn to mindfulness meditation to
help them cope.
Mindfulness-based stress reduction is a psychotherapeutic tech-
nique that increases the extent to which people are consciously aware
of their surroundings and are sensitive to their inner thoughts and
emotions (Woods & Rockman, 2021). In particular, when perform-
ing mindfulness meditation, people sit with their eyes closed and
focus on the present moment, noticing the sounds and smells of their
environment.

Does mindfulness meditation
reduce stress?

E+/Getty Images

T -TES T F OR TW O INDEPENDENT/UNRELATED S AMPLES • CHAPTER 10 361

Copyright ©2024 Worth Publishers. Distributed by Worth Publishers. Not for redistribution.

11_statsresandlife1e_24717_ch10_343_389.indd 361 29/06/23 5:17 PM